Working on Wednesday: Opal May Slater (1890 - 1973) Part 1

Christine and I have already shared images of this maternal great aunt including posts showing a 1902 group portrait of Severy, Kansas, grammar school graduates with Opal and her brother Harry* sitting in the front row; a high school group photograph, also in Severy; a picture of the 1908 Severy girls' basketball team; a 1912 newspaper clipping about the Aesthetic Dance movement in Boulder; a late 1930s photo with her mother Rufina and a friend; and a 1954 snapshot of her and her brother Harry's wife and youngest son and his new bride Washington, D.C. But Opal, who I've been told had a great influence on my mother Alta, certainly deserves a closer look at her many achievements.

Here's a picture of her at the time of her high school graduation, probably in 1908.

[Detail of graduation group portrait. Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

She went on to graduate from the University of Colorado, Boulder in 1915, a year later than her younger brother Cecil, and she continued the teaching career she'd begun in Kansas before the family moved to Colorado.

Here are the 1910 and 1920 U.S. Census listings for Opal (the yellow lines), first in Kansas and then in Colorado.

[Year: 1910; Census Place: Twin Groves, Greenwood, Kansas; Roll: T624_441; Page: 11A;

Enumeration District: 0037; FHL microfilm: 1374454. Source: Ancestry.com]

[Year: 1920; Census Place: Boulder Ward 3, Boulder, Colorado; Roll: T625_156; Page: 10B;

Enumeration District: 51; Image: 466.Source: Ancestry.com]

But Opal wasn't done with her education and she set her sights high, becoming one of the first group of women to be awarded a Harvard degree from their School of Education** in 1921. (Yes, THAT Harvard!)

Come back next week for more about this amazing woman.


*My grandfather.
**M. Edu. according to a newspaper report.

© 2017 Copyright, Christine Manczuk, All Rights Reserved.

Working on Wednesday: Alta Mae Slater (1917 - 1986), Teacher - Part 2, In Her Own Words

When the Casa Grande Historical Society mailed the package which brought us the first picture of Alta we ever saw among the other materials sent were her obituary and a long interview photocopied from the local newspaper* which together give us a view of her life in far greater detail than the usual records would provide.

[Casa Grande Historical Society]

Written by the Casa Grande Dispatch's Lifestyle Editor Mary Metzger for her "Bon Appetit" column, it includes several recipes which I may share another time.** Since the interview is an old photocopy, dark and somewhat hard to read, here's my transcription:

Alta Stirs Up Adventure Along With Food

     She spoke animatedly about her interesting experiences as she stirred the ingredients for her Marin Joe Special. She was having guests for dinner and she already had prepared the Cabbage and Egg Salad. A pungent aroma, emanating from a round loaf of freshly baked Patio Bread, filled the pleasant kitchen.
     Alta Norville is a fascinating person. She is a doer--when something arouses her interest she leaves no stone unturned until she tries it. She has been in many parts of the globe--Japan, Belgium, London, Paris, the Middle East--and while there has absorbed much about the world's people by living with them and learning their customs. "I always liked to poke around," she said.
     Originally from Colorado (just outside Denver), she is a graduate of the University of Colorado where she majored in American government, Latin and geography--she  did on the scene "post graduate" work in the latter.
     "When I got out of school there wasn't anything I could do," Alta laughed, "so I had to go back and get teaching credentials. I had six years of Latin and could read Italian with no problem."
     After World War II, Alta was teaching junior high school outside of Ames, Iowa. At that time she met her husband, H.S. "Pete" Norville who had served in the U.S. Navy in China and was working on his degree in engineering at Iowa State University. They were married and after Pete got his degree moved to Alton, Ill. where he worked for Western Cartridge (now Olin Industries). They were there for two years when Pete who was in the Naval Reserves "got a note from the government to report in a week to Korea," Alta said. He was with the Korean Navy while Alta lived with his mother in Missouri and taught school in West Richmond (part of St. Louis).
     When Pete returned from Korea he was assigned to the Navy in Washington D.C. and they lived in Air Force housing at Bolling Field. "I didn't like Washington at all," Alta said, "they had the hottest weather in 85 years and the coldest weather in 100 years. I saw everything that had to be seen and, regardless of what anybody says, military people are not accepted well any place except on military bases."
     From there they went to Japan for three years. "I loved that. We lived in a Japanese house with all Japanese neighbors. Pete sent me to school to learn Japanese. There wasn't any place I couldn't go. I had more Japanese friends than American friends so I saw a different side of Japan. I was the only wife among the Admiral's staff who could speak Japanese," Alta said.
     Their lifestyle changed when Pete was assigned to the Admiral's staff in San Francisco. For five and one-half years they were on the Admiral's party list. "Everytime he had a party, we were there," Alta said, "It really isn't fun to stand there and make sparkling conversation; your feet hurt and it's not glamorous."
     During that time Alta taught in the Oakland school system. She was a specialist in education for the academically gifted. She also was active in the National Council Teachers of English, National Association for Gifted and on the board for national assessment, a group headquartered in Michigan who decide "why Johnnie can't read."
     Meantime Pete decided to go into politics. He ran successfully for City Council in Corte Madera, Calif. serving for six years; two years as mayor. He also served on the executive board of the Association of Bay Area Governments and was president of the League of California Cities, Redwood Empire section.
     In 1961 he joined the Hexcel Corporation which involved a great deal of travel across the United States and later to Europe. Since he was traveling so much when Alta heard that the University of the Pacific was sponsoring an archeological expedition to the Middle East, "I put in for it for kicks and was accepted," she said.
     The whole thrust of the expedition was to follow the Romans out of the Middle East so the group started in Rome. It was at this point that Alta had a stirring experience. The American Council called and said the Pope wanted to talk to some Americans. He was staying at his summer residence at Castle Gondolfo so a bus was sent to bring the group there for the private audience. "I am not a Catholic but I was never so impressed by peace and tranquility as I was by this man," Alta said.
     Conversely Israel was a great disappointment to her because so many harsh things were being done in the name of religion--people being searched before they were able to enter a church. That was in 1972 when America had no diplomatic relations with Egypt so when one went to Israel you couldn't show a passport--one carried a paper that was stamped--for if the passport was stamped in Israel one couldn't go into Egypt. It was a time when men rode shotgun on the buses and kids held machine guns at the ready around the airport.
     From Lebanon they went to Egypt where the expedition worked with the University. Alta saw everything there was to see. "I rode a camel but I didn't go inside the sphinx because I have claustrophobia. We stayed in the winter palace at Luxor and saw the Valley of the Kings with the chief archeologist of the University of Cairo," she said. At the Sheapherd's Hotel there is a plaque stating Napoleon stayed there. "Cairo was the only city in [sic] was in that I have been literally frightened," Alta said, "we went into the market and there were so many people there you couldn't move. You're in a country with no diplomatic relations and all those people are saying 'buy this' and the beggars. Plus the fact that housing in Cairo is at a premium; yet the [sic] City of the Dead where they keep their dead and don't have a place for the living."
     From there they went to Iraq where they were met by the Belgian Council since America had no diplomatic relations with Iraq. "That was the high point of the trip," Alta said, "we went to Babylon and worked with the English archeological expedition."
     The next stop was Greece. Alta had studied Greek in school. "We saw all the things you read about. We saw where the Romans went. Greece is a clean country but this was around the hippy time and there were so many 'flower children' around the airports," she said.
     From there they went to Paris. "The best thing about Paris is that it was clean," she said. It was there she endured a humiliating experience. "Since we had come from Iraq we were body-searched," Alta said. "This is a really scarey [sic] business. There was this hard-looking woman and you don't say 'don't touch me' to her." They were looking for drugs. As a matter of fact when they returned to Oakland their luggage was searched for the same reason.
     It was ironic that after all she had been through on the trip when she returned home she stepped out the door of the back porch and broke two toes.
     The following summer Alta had a complete change of scenery--she applied for a fellowship to the University of London offered by the National Council of Teachers of English and got it. "You name any of the things to do with English literature and I have seen it," she said.
     When she returned home for the fall term at school, Pete told her the company was sending him to the Hexcel facility in Belgium for six weeks. "Away he went but the six weeks stretched into six months," Alta said, "so when he came home in April he asked if I could get a leave of absence from school to go to Belgium with him." She did and they moved into an apartment in downtown Liege. They were the only Americans there since most Americans lived in the suburbs. They joined the Liege Recontre (a group of Belgians who could speak English) and met all kinds of interesting people. Alta made a lot of trips with the Belgian women in the group--one of the husbands owned a bus company--Antwerp, the Austrian palace, even went to England.
     When there was a request for someone who had no accent to teach English in the University of Leige [sic] Medical School, Alta took the job on the condition that she would do it without pay. No one understood this but Alta wanted to be free to leave if Pete came in and said, "Let's go to Milan or wherever." She also tutored girls in English who were students at the University.
     Alta and some of her Belgian friends also were involved in a stint of brass rubbing--one pays a fee to rub the ancient brass plaques on floors or in the walls of churches and cathedrals. "You name it, anything in Europe we did," Alta said. That included attending a Givenchy fashion show in Paris after Alta had seen an article in the Christian Science Monitor on how to get to a couturier. "It was a gorgeous show," Alta said, "the cheapest thing in it was a raincoat priced at $1,500." One was not supposed to make sketched at the show but Alta did so she could describe the clothes to her friends when she came home. She also went behind the scenes and talked to the American models.
     When the Norvilles returned to the United States in 1976, Pete helped put up the Hexcel ski factory in Reno; then helped move the corporate headquarters from Dublin to San Francisco. Then they discussed where they would like to locate on a permanent basis where Hexcel had a plant. Since they had been coming to Casa Grande off and on since 1966 they decided this was the place they would like to come.
     Once they moved here, Alta read in the Dispatch about a meeting of the University Woman "and that opened the door for me," she said. She is active in the Casa Grande branch and first vice president of the state organization; serves on the Board of the Casa Grande Library, is active in the Casa Grande Valley Historical Society; the Silent Witness program and the Oasis Garden Club[.]

,

*The photocopy cut off the final digit of the year the piece was published but consulting a calendar proves that Friday, January 14, 198_ would have to be 1983, three years before her death.
**During our meet-up with my aunt and cousins last weekend they confirmed that Alta was definitely NOT a good cook.

© 2016 Copyright, Christine Manczuk, All Rights Reserved.

Working on Wednesday: Alta Mae Slater (1917 - 1986), Teacher - Part 1, to April 1947

After attending the local grammar school in Niwot and Longemont High School, my birth mother majored in History, with minors in American Government, Latin, and Geography at the University of Colorado, Boulder. She graduated in 1938.

[Alta Mae, seated second from right, 8th grade graduation. Courtesy of Olive Slate-Kennedy]

[Alta Mae at Longemont High, courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

[Coloradan Yearbook, 1938. Ancestry.com. U.S., School Yearbooks, 1880-2012 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA:

Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010.]

She's listed as a resident of Niwot in a 1940 city directory but isn't enumerated with the rest of her family in the U.S. Census of that year.*

When her youngest brother Jack was killed off the French coast in 1943, his obituary stated that Alta was teaching school in Arizona, but we haven't found any further information about the exact location.

By July of 1946 Alta was teaching school here in Coronado** and "hooked up" with a handsome young sailor who had just been transferred to the Naval Amphibious Base also in Coronado, awaiting his discharge so he could return home to Texas.*** I was born nine months later.

[Courtesy of James Turnbull]

[Source:The National Archives Publication Title: U.S. World War II Navy Muster Rolls, 1938-1949; Fold3 Publication Year: 2012. National Archives Catalog ID: 594996; National Archives Catalog Title: Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities, 01/01/1939-01/01/1949. Short Description: Muster rolls of U.S. Navy ships, stations, and other naval activities, 1939-1949. Ship Station Or Activity: Eldorado-Hull Designation: AGC-11; Muster Date: 24-Jul-1946; Year: 1946]

*Could she have been visiting her paternal grandmother Rufina Ellen Tomlinson Slater and her aunt Opal as there's no sign of them in the 1940 U.S. Census either?
**What we little we know about Alta's life here in southern California comes from my birth certificate. The address listed here is that of the attending physician, W. B. Oster, who operated a home for unwed mothers.

[From my personal collection]

***We'll never know how they met. As far as we know Alta never told anyone in her family about this incident and its aftermath (although I think Pete must have known because she had a c-section which leaves a prominent scar), and Tracy, when my daughter spoke with him about 15 years ago, had no recollection of her at all. I'm sure it was a crazy time here in San Diego.

© 2016 Copyright, Christine Manczuk, All Rights Reserved.

Working on Wednesday: Lewis Cecil Slater (1893 - 1966), Chemist, Professor, College President (Part 1)

Clearly my great grandmother Fina Tomlinson Slater had fallen prey to the Little Lord Faultleroy fad still lingering after the publication in 1886 of Frances Hodgson Burnett's sentimental tale of a darling little boy in a black velvet suit when she dressed her youngest child for his visit to the photographer, probably around 1896-7.

[Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

[Little Lord Fauntleroy, Burnett, Frances Hodgson. New York, Scribner’s, 1886.

Illustrated with drawings by Reginald B. Birch. (Large 8vo) original pictorial brown cloth.

Custom clamshell box. First Edition. Source: book-aesthete]

History is silent regarding little Cecil's opinion of his garb in this portrait and I haven't identified any other early pictures of him. 

In 1905, two years after his father's death, 14-year-old Cecil passed an examination and was awarded a diploma from the local Severy common school but he hadn't finished his education. No occupation is given for him in the 1910 U.S. Census when the family was still living in Kansas, by 1911 Cecil had probably begun his studies at the University of Colorado in Denver.

[Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

The scholarly portrait below appears to have been a Christmas present from Cecil to his mother. On the back he wrote:

To My Dear Mother from her

youngest son, Cecil, who hopes

to graduate from the University

of Colorado June 1914.

Motto - "The first Slater to

graduate from a higher institution

of learning but by the power

of the living God not the last."

Lewis Cecil Slater

December 23, 1913

[Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

After receiving his bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Colorado at Denver in 1914, he went on to get his masters in chemistry and engineering from Louisiana State University (LSU) the following year.

The next record we have for Cecil finds him listed as a chemistry instructor in 1916 at LSU's Audubon Sugar School.

[Catalogue of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, 1916. Source: Google Books]

Although this photo of a chemistry lab at the Audubon Sugar School was taken in 1909 I doubt if much had changed by the time Cecil was teaching there.*

[Laboratory for Qualitative Analysis, Audubon Sugar School of LSU in New Orleans, 1909. #a50000342 LSU Photograph Collection, 1886-1926, Louisiana State University Archives, LSU Libraries, Baton Rouge, LA. Location: Range AA:29, Box 2, Folder 1 [Audubon Sugar School] "The Science of Sugar" blog post: news.blogs.lib.lsu.edu/2015/01/14/science_of_sugar_lsu/ Images from LSU University Archives concerning Audubon Sugar School located in the Louisiana Digital Library.]

Sometime between 1917 when he registered for the draft and the 1920 U.S. Census, Cecil and Clara Eloise Ethridge got married and were living in rented rooms in Baton Rouge. He was still teaching at Louisiana State.

[Registration State: Louisiana; Registration County: East Baton Rouge; Roll: 1684672. Ancestry.com. U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Original data: United States, Selective Service System. World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. M1509, 4,582 rolls. Imaged from Family History Library microfilm.]

[Enumeration District : 0025; Description: Baton Rouge City, Ward 2 (part), Precinct 1 (part), Police Jury Ward 2 (part) including St Joseph Orphan Asylum?, from north side of Convention to north side of Main and from Mississippi River to west side of St Anthony. Ancestry.com. 1920 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010. Images reproduced by FamilySearch. Original data: Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. ]

By 1929 Cecil and Eloise had moved back to her father's house on Wood Street in Monroe, Ouachita Parish, Louisiana, where he worked as a manager at the National Investment Company and she taught at the local high school.

[Title : Monroe, Louisiana, City Directory, 1929. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data: Original sources vary according to directory.]

And a year later, in the 1930 U.S. Census, Eloise was still teaching but by then Cecil was reduced to working as a bookkeeper for a service station and in 1933 the city directory listed his place of work as North La Motor Co. with no indication of what his role there was.

[Enumeration District : 5; Description: MONROE CITY (PART) BOUNDED BY (N) RAILROAD TRACKS; (E) 8TH; (S) OAK, OAK EXTENDED; (W) OUACHITA RIVER. Ancestry.com. 1930 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2002. Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls.]

[Title : Monroe, Louisiana, City Directory, 1933. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data: Original sources vary according to directory.]

In the 1940 U.S. Census, Cecil and Eloise were still living at the same address although her father was no longer listed as a resident and her mother (who did not appear in the previous census) was now head of the household. Eloise was still teaching at a local school and Cecil had returned to teaching at LSU's Junior College.

[Enumeration District : 37-5; Description: POLICE JURY WARD 3, MONROE CITY BOUNDED BY (N) ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD; (E) 8TH; (S) OAK, OAK EXTENDED; (W) CITY LIMITS; ALSO MONROE CALABOOSE, OUACHITA PARISH JAIL, ST. MATTHEW´S PAROCHIAL SCHOOL. Ancestry.com. 1940 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012. Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1940. T627, 4,643 rolls.]

Here's Cecil's 1942 Draft Card:

[Ancestry.com. U.S., World War II Draft Registration Cards, 1942 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2010. Original data: United States, Selective Service System. Selective Service Registration Cards, World War II: Fourth Registration. Records of the Selective Service System, Record Group Number 147. National Archives and Records Administration. Full Source Citation.]

In 1950 Cecil became the third president of his college,** which describes his career thus:

Slater joined the Northeast Center of LSU staff in 1938 as head of the Department of Biology and Natural Sciences. Between teaching assignments, he was the chief chemist for Bogalusa Pulp and Paper Company and the Bastrop Pulp and Paper Company. Slater was named president of the newly-designated Northeast Louisiana State College, a four-year institution, in 1950. He retired from the institution in 1958.

What the above paragraph doesn't say is that Cecil was forced to retire and later sued to be returned to the faculty which I've just learned through reading old newspaper reports. I think this deserves a closer look so I'm going to finish my great uncle's story at a later date.

*Flickr has a collection of 58 images from LSU University Archives pertaining to the Audubon Sugar School and Experiment Station located in Audubon Park, New Orleans, 1887-1925.
**Now known as the University of Louisiana at Monroe; you can read about its history here.

© 2016 Copyright, Christine Manczuk, All Rights Reserved.

Monday Is for Mothers: Rufina Ellen "Fina" Tomlinson (1863 - 1943), Part 2

I just realized that two months have passed since I posted the first part of the story of this maternal great great grandmother, ending with the death of her husband Lewis Logan Slater on July 19, 1905, leaving her a widow with four children.

["Slaters in Severy:" I think Fina is the woman in white standing on the far right next to her mother-in-law Sarah Matthews Slater; Opal is the young woman standing in the middle of the group.]

By the 1910 U.S. Census, only her two younger children were still living with Fina on Main Street in Severy, Kansas.* Her occupation was listed as dressmaker and daughter Opal was teaching at a local school.

[Enumeration District : 0037; Description: Twin Groves Township including Severy City. Ancestry.com. 1910 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006. Original data: Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910 (NARA microfilm publication T624, 1,178 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. ]

[Main Street, Severy, Kansas, 1911; Images of Kansas Towns and Cities.

Special Collections and University Archives, Wichita State University Libraries]

By 1911 she and Opal were listed as residents at 803 Marine Street in Boulder, Colorado, where Fina continued her dressmaking business. Cecil wasn't in this directory--he would have been barely 18 by then and perhaps considered too young to be included.**

[Title : Boulder, Colorado, City Directory, 1911. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.]

Two years later Cecil, by then a chemistry student at the nearby University of Colorado, had his own directory listing. The family had moved to 902 Marine Street and Fina supplemented income from her dressmaking business by renting out furnished rooms.

[Title : Boulder, Colorado, City Directory, 1913. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line].

Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.]

The 1920 U.S. Census enumerator found Fina and Opal living at 863 Marine Street in rented quarters that they appear to share with Martin Little and his wife Anita. Fina was still engaged in dressmaking and Opal was teaching at a local high school.

[Enumeration District : 0051; Description: Boulder City, Ward 3 (part) including Boulder Calaboose (No inmates), bounded by Pearl, 12th, University Ave, City limits. Ancestry.com. 1920 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010. Images reproduced by FamilySearch. Original data: Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. ]

Two years later Fina's father George Marion Tomlinson died at a local Sanitarium on August 30th, 1922, having been ill since the preceding November. His second wife, Fina's step-mother Amanda Darling had died seven month before then.

We know from city directories that Fina remained in Boulder until at least 1932, living by herself while her sons Harry and Pete were living in Niwot; Opal was practicing law in Boston; and Cecil was working in Louisiana.***

Something (perhaps health reasons) made Fina decide to move to Omaha, Nebraska, and by 1935 she and Opal were renting apartment #19 at 202 22nd Street.

[Enumeration District : 94-47; Description: OMAHA CITY WARD 3 (AREA B - PART).  Ancestry.com. 1940 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012. Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1940. T627, 4,643 rolls.]

(We can catch glimpses of the building in these c.1940s snapshots of her grandson Jack Slater on a winter visit. You can see a picture of Fina and Opal taken during this period here.)

[Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

 [Courtesy of Olive Slater-Kennedy]

Rufina Ellen Tomlinson Slater died  of myelogenous leukemia at St Joseph's Hospital in Omaha on July 13, 1943. She was buried in Twin Grove Cemetery in Severy, Kansas, where her husband Lewis Logan had been buried nearly four decades earlier.

[Creighton Memorial St. Joseph's Hospital, our lady of Victory in the background; The Tichnor Brothers Collection, Boston Public Library,

via digitalcommonwealth.org ]

[Find A Grave Memorial# 14305165. Photo by Judy Mayfield (#46636512)]

*Pete had obviously left the nest but I haven't been able to locate him in the 1910 census. My grandfather Harry was working as a pharmacist in Greenfield Township in Elk County, Kansas.
**I don't know who William T. or J. Archie Slater who are listed. There was a cousin named William T. but he appears to have moved to South Dakota by 1906 and remained there until at least 1940. In 1910 his oldest son another William T. was only 13.
***Opal and Cecil are long over-due for their post here and I promise I'll get to them soon.




© 2016 Copyright, Christine Manczuk, All Rights Reserved.